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Turkmenistan:
Military & Transnational Issues

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Turkmenistan Page


Other pages in this profile of Turkmenistan:
Geography, People, Government, Economy, Communications & Transportation,
Military branches
Ground Forces, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces (2007)
Military service age and obligation
18-30 years of age for compulsory military service; 2-year conscript service obligation (2006)
Manpower available for military service
males age 18-49: 1,132,833
females age 18-49: 1,162,569 (2005 est.)
Manpower fit for military service
males age 18-49: 759,978
females age 18-49: 940,179 (2005 est.)
Manpower reaching military age annually
males age 18-49: 56,532
females age 18-49: 55,413 (2005 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP
3.4% (2005 est.)
Disputes - international
cotton monoculture in Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan creates water-sharing difficulties for Amu Darya river states; field demarcation of the boundaries with Kazakhstan commenced in 2005, but Caspian seabed delimitation remains stalled with Azerbaijan, Iran, and Kazakhstan due to Turkmenistan's indecision over how to allocate the sea's waters and seabed
Refugees and internally displaced persons
refugees (country of origin): 11,173 (Tajikistan) (2006)
Illicit drugs
transit country for Afghan narcotics bound for Russian and Western European markets; transit point for heroin precursor chemicals bound for Afghanistan


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