Canada:
Military & Transnational Issues


Military branches	Canadian Forces: Land Forces Command, Maritime Command, Air Command, Canada Command (homeland security) (2006)
Military service age and obligation	16-34 years of age for voluntary military service; women comprise approximately 11% of Canada's armed forces (2006)
Manpower available for military service	males age 16-49: 8,216,510 females age 16-49: 8,034,939 (2005 est.)
Manpower fit for military service	males age 16-49: 6,740,490 females age 16-49: 6,580,868 (2005 est.)
Manpower reaching military age annually	males age 18-49: 223,821 females age 16-49: 212,900 (2005 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	1.1% (2005 est.)

Disputes - international	managed maritime boundary disputes with the US at Dixon Entrance, Beaufort Sea, Strait of Juan de Fuca, and around the disputed Machias Seal Island and North Rock; US works closely with Canada to intensify security measures to monitor and control legal and illegal personnel, transport, and commodities across the international border; sovereignty dispute with Denmark over Hans Island in the Kennedy Channel between Ellesmere Island and Greenland
Illicit drugs	illicit producer of cannabis for the domestic drug market and export to US; use of hydroponics technology permits growers to plant large quantities of high-quality marijuana indoors; increasing ecstasy production, some of which is destined for the US; vulnerable to narcotics money laundering because of its mature financial services sector