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Tunisia:
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Other pages in this profile of Tunisia:
Geography, People, Government, Communications & Transportation, Military & Transnational Issues.
Geography, People, Government, Communications & Transportation, Military & Transnational Issues.
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Economy - overview |
Definition Tunisia has a diverse economy, with important agricultural, mining, tourism, and manufacturing sectors. Governmental control of economic affairs while still heavy has gradually lessened over the past decade with increasing privatization, simplification of the tax structure, and a prudent approach to debt. Progressive social policies also have helped raise living conditions in Tunisia relative to the region. Real growth, which averaged almost 5% over the past decade, reached 6.3% in 2007 because of development in non-textile manufacturing, a recovery in agricultural production, and strong growth in the services sector. However, Tunisia will need to reach even higher growth levels to create sufficient employment opportunities for an already large number of unemployed as well as the growing population of university graduates. Broader privatization, further liberalization of the investment code to increase foreign investment, improvements in government efficiency, and reduction of the trade deficit are among the challenges ahead. |
GDP (purchasing power parity) |
Definition - World rank and map $77 billion (2007 est.) |
GDP (official exchange rate) |
Definition $35.01 billion (2007 est.) |
GDP - real growth rate |
Definition - World rank and map 6.3% (2007 est.) |
GDP - per capita |
Definition - World rank and map $7,500 (2007 est.) |
GDP - composition by sector |
Definition agriculture: 11.6% industry: 25.7% services: 62.8% (2007 est.) |
Labor force |
Definition 3.593 million (2007 est.) |
Labor force - by occupation |
Definition agriculture: 55% industry: 23% services: 22% (1995 est.) |
Unemployment rate |
Definition - World rank and map 14.1% (2007 est.) |
Population below poverty line |
Definition 7.4% (2005 est.) |
Household income or consumption by percentage share |
Definition lowest 10%: 2.3% highest 10%: 31.5% (2000) |
Distribution of family income - Gini index |
Definition - World rank and map 40 (2005 est.) |
Inflation rate (consumer prices) |
Definition - World rank and map 3.1% (2007 est.) |
Investment (gross fixed) |
Definition - World rank and map 23.6% of GDP (2007 est.) |
Budget |
Definition revenues: $8.466 billion expenditures: $9.475 billion (2007 est.) |
Public debt |
Definition - World rank and map 55.4% of GDP (2007 est.) |
Agriculture - products |
Definition olives, olive oil, grain, tomatoes, citrus fruit, sugar beets, dates, almonds; beef, dairy products |
Industries |
Definition petroleum, mining (particularly phosphate and iron ore), tourism, textiles, footwear, agribusiness, beverages |
Industrial production growth rate |
Definition - World rank and map 7.2% (2007 est.) |
Electricity - production |
Definition - World rank and map 12.85 billion kWh (2005) |
Electricity - consumption |
Definition - World rank and map 11.17 billion kWh (2005) |
Electricity - consumption per capita |
Definition - World rank and map 1,075.8 kWh (2005) |
Electricity - exports |
Definition 0 kWh (2005) |
Electricity - imports |
Definition 0 kWh (2005) |
Oil - production |
Definition - World rank and map 76,900 bbl/day (2005 est.) |
Oil - consumption |
Definition - World rank and map 90,000 bbl/day (2005 est.) |
Oil - consumption per 1,000 people |
Definition - World rank and map 8.7 bbl/day (2005 est.) |
Oil - exports |
Definition - World rank and map 75,060 bbl/day (2004) |
Oil - imports |
Definition - World rank and map 85,680 bbl/day (2004) |
Oil - proved reserves |
Definition - World rank and map 1.7 billion bbl (2007 est.) |
Natural gas - production |
Definition - World rank and map 2.398 billion cu m (2005 est.) |
Natural gas - consumption |
Definition - World rank and map 4.124 billion cu m (2005 est.) |
Natural gas - consumption per capita |
Definition - World rank and map 397 cu m (2005 est.) |
Natural gas - exports |
Definition - World rank and map 0 cu m (2005 est.) |
Natural gas - imports |
Definition - World rank and map 1.726 billion cu m (2005) |
Natural gas - proved reserves |
Definition - World rank and map 74.68 billion cu m (1 January 2006 est.) |
Current account balance |
Definition - World rank and map -$860 million (2007 est.) |
Exports |
Definition - World rank and map $15.15 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.) |
Exports - commodities |
Definition clothing, semi-finished goods and textiles, agricultural products, mechanical goods, phosphates and chemicals, hydrocarbons, electrical equipment |
Exports - partners |
Definition France 30.7%, Italy 20.6%, Germany 8.4%, Spain 5.4%, Libya 5.1% (2006) |
Imports |
Definition - World rank and map $18.03 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.) |
Imports - commodities |
Definition textiles, machinery and equipment, hydrocarbons, chemicals, foodstuffs |
Imports - partners |
Definition France 24.1%, Italy 22.2%, Germany 9.8%, Spain 5.1% (2006) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold |
Definition - World rank and map $7.854 billion (31 December 2007 est.) |
Debt - external |
Definition - World rank and map $19.27 billion (December 2007) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home |
Definition $21.78 billion (2007 est.) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad |
Definition $88 million (2007 est.) |
Market value of publicly traded shares |
Definition $4.446 billion (2006) |
Economic aid - recipient |
Definition $376.5 million (2005) |
Currency (code) |
Definition Tunisian dinar (TND) |
Exchange rates |
Definition Tunisian dinars per US dollar - 1.2776 (2007), 1.331 (2006), 1.2974 (2005), 1.2455 (2004), 1.2885 (2003) |
Fiscal year |
Definition calendar year |
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