|
|
|
       
| |
|
|
Iran:
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other pages in this profile of Iran:
Geography, People, Government, Communications & Transportation, Military & Transnational Issues.
Geography, People, Government, Communications & Transportation, Military & Transnational Issues.
| |
Economy - overview |
Definition Iran's economy is marked by an inefficient state sector, reliance on the oil sector (which provides 85% of government revenues), and statist policies that create major distortions throughout. Most economic activity is controlled by the state. Private sector activity is typically small-scale workshops, farming, and services. President Mahmud AHMADI-NEJAD failed to make any notable progress in fulfilling the goals of the nation's latest five-year plan. A combination of price controls and subsidies, particularly on food and energy, continue to weigh down the economy, and administrative controls, widespread corruption, and other rigidities undermine the potential for private-sector-led growth. As a result of these inefficiencies, significant informal market activity flourishes and shortages are common. High oil prices in recent years have enabled Iran to amass nearly $70 billion in foreign exchange reserves. Yet this increased revenue has not eased economic hardships, which include double-digit unemployment and inflation. The economy has seen only moderate growth. Iran's educated population, economic inefficiency and insufficient investment - both foreign and domestic - have prompted an increasing number of Iranians to seek employment overseas, resulting in significant "brain drain." |
GDP (purchasing power parity) |
Definition - World rank and map $753 billion (2007 est.) |
GDP (official exchange rate) |
Definition $294.1 billion (2007 est.) |
GDP - real growth rate |
Definition - World rank and map 5.8% (2007 est.) |
GDP - per capita |
Definition - World rank and map $10,600 (2007 est.) |
GDP - composition by sector |
Definition agriculture: 10.7% industry: 42.9% services: 46.4% (2007 est.) |
Labor force |
Definition 28.7 million note: shortage of skilled labor (2006 est.) |
Labor force - by occupation |
Definition agriculture: 25% industry: 31% services: 45% (June 2007) |
Unemployment rate |
Definition - World rank and map 12% according to the Iranian government (2007 est.) |
Population below poverty line |
Definition 18% (2007 est.) |
Household income or consumption by percentage share |
Definition lowest 10%: 2% highest 10%: 33.7% (1998) |
Distribution of family income - Gini index |
Definition - World rank and map 43 (1998) |
Inflation rate (consumer prices) |
Definition - World rank and map 17.5% (2007 est.) |
Investment (gross fixed) |
Definition - World rank and map 27.6% of GDP (2007 est.) |
Budget |
Definition revenues: $64 billion expenditures: $64 billion (2007 est.) |
Public debt |
Definition - World rank and map 25.2% of GDP (2007 est.) |
Agriculture - products |
Definition wheat, rice, other grains, sugar beets, sugar cane, fruits, nuts, cotton; dairy products, wool; caviar |
Industries |
Definition petroleum, petrochemicals, fertilizers, caustic soda, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food processing (particularly sugar refining and vegetable oil production), ferrous and non-ferrous metal fabrication, armaments |
Industrial production growth rate |
Definition - World rank and map 4.8% excluding oil (2007 est.) |
Electricity - production |
Definition - World rank and map 170.4 billion kWh (2005) |
Electricity - consumption |
Definition - World rank and map 136.2 billion kWh (2005) |
Electricity - consumption per capita |
Definition - World rank and map 2,067.6 kWh (2005) |
Electricity - exports |
Definition 2.761 billion kWh (2005) |
Electricity - imports |
Definition 2.074 billion kWh (2005) |
Oil - production |
Definition - World rank and map 4.15 million bbl/day (2006 est.) |
Oil - consumption |
Definition - World rank and map 1.63 million bbl/day (2006 est.) |
Oil - consumption per 1,000 people |
Definition - World rank and map 24.7 bbl/day (2006 est.) |
Oil - exports |
Definition - World rank and map 2.52 million bbl/day (2006 est.) |
Oil - imports |
Definition - World rank and map 153,600 bbl/day (2004) |
Oil - proved reserves |
Definition - World rank and map 138.4 billion bbl based on Iranian claims (2007 est.) |
Natural gas - production |
Definition - World rank and map 101 billion cu m (2005 est.) |
Natural gas - consumption |
Definition - World rank and map 98.19 billion cu m (2005 est.) |
Natural gas - consumption per capita |
Definition - World rank and map 1,491 cu m (2005 est.) |
Natural gas - exports |
Definition - World rank and map 4.33 billion cu m (2005 est.) |
Natural gas - imports |
Definition - World rank and map 5.8 billion cu m (2005) |
Natural gas - proved reserves |
Definition - World rank and map 26.37 trillion cu m (1 January 2006 est.) |
Current account balance |
Definition - World rank and map $30.47 billion (2007 est.) |
Exports |
Definition - World rank and map $83.99 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.) |
Exports - commodities |
Definition petroleum 80%, chemical and petrochemical products, fruits and nuts, carpets |
Exports - partners |
Definition Japan 14.2%, China 14%, Turkey 7.4%, Italy 6.4%, South Korea 6.3%, South Africa 4% (2006) |
Imports |
Definition - World rank and map $53.73 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.) |
Imports - commodities |
Definition industrial raw materials and intermediate goods, capital goods, foodstuffs and other consumer goods, technical services |
Imports - partners |
Definition China 14.2%, Germany 9.7%, UAE 9.2%, South Korea 5.8%, Russia 5.3%, Italy 5%, France 4% (2006) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold |
Definition - World rank and map $64.46 billion (2007 est.) |
Debt - external |
Definition - World rank and map $20.65 billion (31 December 2007 est.) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home |
Definition $6.026 billion (2007 est.) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad |
Definition $903 million (2007 est.) |
Market value of publicly traded shares |
Definition $45.2 billion (December 2007) |
Economic aid - recipient |
Definition $104 million (2005 est.) |
Currency (code) |
Definition Iranian rial (IRR) |
Exchange rates |
Definition rials per US dollar - 9,407.5 (2007), 9,227.1 (2006), 8,964 (2005), 8,614 (2004), 8,193.9 (2003) note: Iran has been using a managed floating exchange rate regime since unifying multiple exchange rates in March 2002 |
Fiscal year |
Definition 21 March - 20 March |
|
Copyright 2008 World Sites Atlas (sitesatlas.com) |