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Angola:
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Other pages in this profile of Angola:
Geography, People, Government, Communications & Transportation, Military & Transnational Issues.
Geography, People, Government, Communications & Transportation, Military & Transnational Issues.
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Economy - overview |
Angola's high growth rate is driven by its oil sector, with record oil prices and rising petroleum production. Oil production and its supporting activities contribute about half of GDP and 90% of exports. Increased oil production supported 12% growth in 2004, 19% growth in 2005, and nearly 14% growth in 2006. A postwar reconstruction boom and resettlement of displaced persons has led to high rates of growth in construction and agriculture as well. Much of the country's infrastructure is still damaged or undeveloped from the 27-year-long civil war. Remnants of the conflict such as widespread land mines still mar the countryside even though an apparently durable peace was established after the death of rebel leader Jonas SAVIMBI in February 2002. Subsistence agriculture provides the main livelihood for most of the people, but half of the country's food must still be imported. In 2005, the government started using a $2 billion line of credit from China to rebuild Angola's public infrastructure, and several large-scale projects were completed in 2006. The central bank in 2003 implemented an exchange rate stabilization program using foreign exchange reserves to buy kwanzas out of circulation. This policy became more sustainable in 2005 because of strong oil export earnings; it has significantly reduced inflation. Although consumer inflation declined from 325% in 2000 to about 13% in 2006, the stabilization policy has put pressure on international net liquidity. To fully take advantage of its rich national resources - gold, diamonds, extensive forests, Atlantic fisheries, and large oil deposits - Angola will need to implement government reforms and to reduce corruption. The government has made little progress on reforms recommended by the IMF, such as promoting greater transparency in government spending, and continues to be without a formal monitoring agreement with the institution. Corruption, especially in the extractive sectors, is a major challenge facing Angola. |
GDP (purchasing power parity) |
$54.65 billion (2006 est.) |
GDP (official exchange rate) |
$28.88 billion (2006 est.) |
GDP - real growth rate |
16.1% (2006 est.) |
GDP - per capita |
$4,500 (2006 est.) |
GDP - composition by sector |
agriculture: 9.6% industry: 65.8% services: 24.6% (2005 est.) |
Labor force |
6.444 million (2006 est.) |
Labor force - by occupation |
agriculture: 85% industry and services: 15% (2003 est.) |
Unemployment rate |
extensive unemployment and underemployment affecting more than half the population (2001 est.) |
Population below poverty line |
70% (2003 est.) |
Household income or consumption by percentage share |
lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA% |
Inflation rate (consumer prices) |
13.3% (2006 est.) |
Investment (gross fixed) |
9.9% of GDP (2006 est.) |
Budget |
revenues: $14.07 billion expenditures: $10.78 billion (2006 est.) |
Public debt |
26.6% of GDP (2006 est.) |
Agriculture - products |
bananas, sugarcane, coffee, sisal, corn, cotton, manioc (tapioca), tobacco, vegetables, plantains; livestock; forest products; fish |
Industries |
petroleum; diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, feldspar, bauxite, uranium, and gold; cement; basic metal products; fish processing; food processing, brewing, tobacco products, sugar; textiles; ship repair |
Electricity - production |
2.585 billion kWh (2005) |
Electricity - consumption |
2.201 billion kWh (2005) |
Electricity - exports |
0 kWh (2005) |
Electricity - imports |
0 kWh (2005) |
Oil - production |
1.6 million bbl/day (2005 est.) |
Oil - consumption |
48,000 bbl/day (2004 est.) |
Oil - exports |
NA bbl/day |
Oil - imports |
NA bbl/day |
Oil - proved reserves |
5.412 billion bbl (1 January 2006) |
Natural Gas - production |
767.3 million cu m (2005 est.) |
Natural Gas - consumption |
767.3 million cu m (2005 est.) |
Natural Gas - exports |
0 cu m (2005 est.) |
Natural Gas - imports |
0 cu m (2005) |
Natural Gas - proved reserves |
44 billion cu m (1 January 2006 est.) |
Current account balance |
$6.328 billion (2006 est.) |
Exports |
$31.34 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) |
Exports - commodities |
crude oil, diamonds, refined petroleum products, gas, coffee, sisal, fish and fish products, timber, cotton |
Exports - partners |
US 38%, China 34.2%, Taiwan 5.8%, France 4.9%, Chile 4.1% (2006) |
Imports |
$11.28 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) |
Imports - commodities |
machinery and electrical equipment, vehicles and spare parts; medicines, food, textiles, military goods |
Imports - partners |
US 15.3%, Portugal 15%, South Korea 10.1%, China 8.8%, Brazil 8.2%, South Africa 6.7%, France 6.2% (2006) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold |
$8.599 billion (2006 est.) |
Debt - external |
$10.66 billion (2006 est.) |
Economic aid - recipient |
$441.8 million (2005) |
Currency (code) |
kwanza (AOA) |
Exchange rates |
kwanza per US dollar - 80.4 (2006), 88.6 (2005), 83.541 (2004), 74.606 (2003), 43.53 (2002) |
Fiscal year |
calendar year |
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