Italy:
Military & Transnational Issues


Military branches	Definition Italian Army (Esercito Italiano, EI), Italian Navy (Marina Militare Italiana, MMI), Italian Air Force (Aeronautica Militare Italiana, AMI), Carabinieri Corps (Arma dei Carabinieri, CC) (2008)
Military service age and obligation	Definition 18-27 year of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished January 2005; women may serve in any military branch; 10-month service obligation, with a reserve obligation to age 45 (Army and Air Force) or 39 (Navy) (2006)
Manpower available for military service	Definition males age 16-49: 13,884,079 females age 16-49: 13,158,378 (2008 est.)
Manpower fit for military service	Definition - World rank and map males age 16-49: 11,285,488 females age 16-49: 10,680,672 (2008 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually	Definition males age 16-49: 290,740 females age 16-49: 273,569 (2008 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	Definition - World rank and map 1.8% (2005 est.)

Disputes - international	Definition Italy's long coastline and developed economy entices tens of thousands of illegal immigrants from southeastern Europe and northern Africa
Illicit drugs	Definition important gateway for and consumer of Latin American cocaine and Southwest Asian heroin entering the European market; money laundering by organized crime and from smuggling