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Netherlands:
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Other pages in this profile of the Netherlands:
Geography, People, Government, Communications & Transportation, Military & Transnational Issues.
Geography, People, Government, Communications & Transportation, Military & Transnational Issues.
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Economy - overview |
Definition The Netherlands has a prosperous and open economy, which depends heavily on foreign trade. The economy is noted for stable industrial relations, moderate unemployment and inflation, a sizable current account surplus, and an important role as a European transportation hub. Industrial activity is predominantly in food processing, chemicals, petroleum refining, and electrical machinery. A highly mechanized agricultural sector employs no more than 3% of the labor force but provides large surpluses for the food-processing industry and for exports. The Netherlands, along with 11 of its EU partners, began circulating the euro currency on 1 January 2002. The country continues to be one of the leading European nations for attracting foreign direct investment and is one of the five largest investors in the US. The economy experienced a slowdown in 2005 but in 2006 recovered to the fastest pace in six years on the back of increased exports and strong investment. The pace of job growth reached 10-year highs in 2007. |
GDP (purchasing power parity) |
Definition - World rank and map $639.5 billion (2007 est.) |
GDP (official exchange rate) |
Definition $768.7 billion (2007 est.) |
GDP - real growth rate |
Definition - World rank and map 3.5% (2007 est.) |
GDP - per capita |
Definition - World rank and map $38,500 (2007 est.) |
GDP - composition by sector |
Definition agriculture: 2.1% industry: 24.1% services: 73.7% (2007 est.) |
Labor force |
Definition 7.5 million (2007 est.) |
Labor force - by occupation |
Definition agriculture: 3% industry: 21% services: 76% (2005 est.) |
Unemployment rate |
Definition - World rank and map 3.2% (2007 est.) |
Population below poverty line |
Definition 10.5% (2005) |
Household income or consumption by percentage share |
Definition lowest 10%: 2.5% highest 10%: 22.9% (1999) |
Distribution of family income - Gini index |
Definition - World rank and map 30.9 (2005) |
Inflation rate (consumer prices) |
Definition - World rank and map 1.6% (2007 est.) |
Investment (gross fixed) |
Definition - World rank and map 20% of GDP (2007 est.) |
Budget |
Definition revenues: $349.9 billion expenditures: $350.4 billion (2007 est.) |
Public debt |
Definition - World rank and map 46.2% of GDP (2007 est.) |
Agriculture - products |
Definition grains, potatoes, sugar beets, fruits, vegetables; livestock |
Industries |
Definition agroindustries, metal and engineering products, electrical machinery and equipment, chemicals, petroleum, construction, microelectronics, fishing |
Industrial production growth rate |
Definition - World rank and map 3.1% (2007 est.) |
Electricity - production |
Definition - World rank and map 94.34 billion kWh (2005) |
Electricity - consumption |
Definition - World rank and map 108.2 billion kWh (2005) |
Electricity - consumption per capita |
Definition - World rank and map 6,500.4 kWh (2005) |
Electricity - exports |
Definition 5.398 billion kWh (2005) |
Electricity - imports |
Definition 23.69 billion kWh (2005) |
Oil - production |
Definition - World rank and map 76,000 bbl/day (2006) |
Oil - consumption |
Definition - World rank and map 1.011 million bbl/day (2006) |
Oil - consumption per 1,000 people |
Definition - World rank and map 60.7 bbl/day (2006) |
Oil - exports |
Definition - World rank and map 1.546 million bbl/day (2004) |
Oil - imports |
Definition - World rank and map 2.465 million bbl/day (2004) |
Oil - proved reserves |
Definition - World rank and map 106 million bbl (1 January 2006 est.) |
Natural gas - production |
Definition - World rank and map 77.3 billion cu m (2006) |
Natural gas - consumption |
Definition - World rank and map 47.8 billion cu m (2006) |
Natural gas - consumption per capita |
Definition - World rank and map 2,872 cu m (2006) |
Natural gas - exports |
Definition - World rank and map 50.21 billion cu m (2005 est.) |
Natural gas - imports |
Definition - World rank and map 22.08 billion cu m (2005) |
Natural gas - proved reserves |
Definition - World rank and map 1.684 trillion cu m (1 January 2006 est.) |
Current account balance |
Definition - World rank and map $50.93 billion (2007 est.) |
Exports |
Definition - World rank and map $457.2 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.) |
Exports - commodities |
Definition machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels; foodstuffs |
Exports - partners |
Definition Germany 24.4%, Belgium 13.5%, UK 9.1%, France 8.5%, Italy 5%, US 4.4% (2006) |
Imports |
Definition - World rank and map $404.7 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.) |
Imports - commodities |
Definition machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs, clothing |
Imports - partners |
Definition Germany 17.6%, China 10.5%, Belgium 9.3%, US 7.3%, UK 5.8%, Russia 5%, France 4.4% (2006) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold |
Definition - World rank and map $23.9 billion (2006 est.) |
Debt - external |
Definition - World rank and map $2.277 trillion (30 June 2007) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home |
Definition $535.1 billion (2007 est.) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad |
Definition $811.4 billion (2007 est.) |
Market value of publicly traded shares |
Definition $924.4 billion (November 2007) |
Economic aid - donor |
Definition ODA, $5.452 billion (2006) |
Currency (code) |
Definition euro (EUR) |
Exchange rates |
Definition euros per US dollar - 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003) |
Fiscal year |
Definition calendar year |
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